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| Antidepressants need new nerve cells to be effective, UT Southwestern researchers find Thu, 28 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered in mice that the brain must create new nerve cells for either exercise or antidepressants to reduce depression-like behavior. |
| Teens making poor choices when it comes to riding in vehicles Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Car crashes are the No. 1 killer of US teens. While states are passing laws to help teen drivers, little thought is being given to their habits as passengers. A new study by Meharry Medical College uncovers a public health crisis and offers a solution to the problem. |
| Iowa State University researcher shows proteins have controlled motions Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Iowa State University researcher Robert Jernigan believes that his research shows proteins have controlled motions. Most biochemists traditionally believe proteins have many random, uncontrolled movements. |
| Yellowstone's ancient supervolcano: Only lukewarm? Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
The geysers of Yellowstone National Park owe their eistence to the "Yellowstone hotspot" -- a region of molten rock buried deep beneath Yellowstone, geologists have found. |
| Sticks and stones: A new study on social and physical pain Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
According to a new study, words may pack a harder punch that we realize. Psychologists have found that while the pain of physical events may fade with time, the pain of social occurrences can be reinstantiated through memory retrievals. |
| Newly-defined factors may prevent postpartum smoking relapse Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Although many women quit smoking during pregnancy to protect their unborn children from the effects of cigarettes, half resume the habit within a few months of giving birth. By shedding light on the factors that enable the other half to put down that cigarette for good, a study by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill could lead to programs designed to help women quit and stay quit. |
| 'Industrial relations' employee satisfaction dependent on more than relative pay Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A new study in the journal Industrial Relations reveals that employee well-being is dependent upon the rank of an individual's wage within a comparison group, as opposed to the individual's absolute pay. |
| Campus diversity important predictor of interracial friendships Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Campus racial diversity predicts diversity in future friendships, and it's generally higher for minorities than whites. |
| Jamaican lizards' shows of strength mark territory at dawn, dusk Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
What does Jack LaLanne have in common with a Jamaican lizard?Like the ageless fitness guru, the lizards greet each new day with vigorous push-ups. That's according to a new study showing that male Anolis lizards engage in impressive displays of reptilian strength -- push-ups, head bobs, and threatening extension of a colorful neck flap called a dewlap -- to defend their territory at dawn and dusk. |
| New role for natural killers! Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Scientists at the University of York have discovered a new role for a population of white blood cells, which may lead to improved treatments for chronic infections and cancer. |
| Army personnel show increased risk for migraine Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Two new studies show that migraine headaches are very common among US military personnel, yet the condition is frequently underdiagnosed. The studies, appearing in Headache, the peer-reviewed journal of the American Headache Society, examine the incidence among soldiers within 10 days of returning from a 1-year combat tour in Iraq , as well as US Army officer trainees. |
| Study reveals gap in HIV testing knowledge among college students Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Most college students understand how they can prevent the transmission of HIV but are less knowledgeable about HIV testing, according to a new University of Georgia study. |
| Collision of galaxy clusters captured by astronomers Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Two UC Santa Barbara astronomers, Marusa Bradac and Tommaso Treu, are part of a team that has made a stunning discovery using the Hubble Space Telescope and Chandra X-ray Observatory. |
| Economic and social disadvantage can affect young citizens' voter turnout Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A study recently published in the Journal of Social Issues illustrates how certain disadvantages experienced in adolescence, such as early pregnancy, dropping out of high school, being arrested, or going to an underprivileged school, contribute to lower voter turnout in young adulthood. In addition, the types of disadvantage vary across racial groups. |
| Trying to satisfy too many agendas slows school reform Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Despite investments, community goodwill and some good ideas, efforts at school reform often fail because of a lack of trust among teachers, principals and parents. Frequently, this creates dysfunction in schools which undermines support for high-quality instruction. Improved teacher-student relationships, new research shows, is often absent. Tension among members of the business community, who promote sound management and accountability, and progressive educators, who favor a student-centered agenda, also has left the promise of reform unfulfilled. |
| Heart attack patients who stop statin risk death, say McGill researchers Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Patients discontinuing statin medication following an acute myocardial infarction increase their risk of dying over the next year, say researchers at McGill University and the McGill University Health Center. Their study was published in a recent issue of the European Heart Journal. |
| Parents can play an active role in the identity formation of their adolescent children Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A new article reveals that parents play concerned, involved, and reflective roles in their children's identity formation. |
| Endoscopic ultrasound highly accurate in evaluating ambiguous radiographic findings of the pancreas Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Researchers from St. Louis University School of Medicine in Missouri report that EUS and EUS-FNA is 99.1 percent accurate in diagnosing pancreatic neoplasms (abnormal growths or tumors) in patients who were referred for endoscopic ultrasound because of CT and/or MRI reports of two common, though somewhat ambiguous findings -- enlargement of head of pancreas or dilation of the pancreatic duct. The study appears in the August issue of GIE: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. |
| Study examines use of opioids Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Researchers from Boston University's Slone Epidemiology Center have found that in a given week, over 10 million Americans are taking opioids, and more than 4 million are taking them regularly (at least five days per week, for at least four weeks). These findings appear in the Aug. 31 issue of the journal Pain. |
| Framing technique can be used as a public relations strategy in cases of sexual assault Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Article explores framed messages in the Duke University lacrosse case. |
| Black raspberries slow cancer by altering hundreds of genes Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
New research strongly suggests that a mix of preventative agents, such as those found in concentrated black raspberries, may more effectively inhibit cancer development than single agents aimed at shutting down a particular gene.Researchers examined the effect of freeze-dried black raspberries on genes altered by a chemical carcinogen in an animal model of esophageal cancer. |
| A clash of clusters provides another clue to dark matter Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A powerful collision of galaxy clusters has been captured with NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope. Like its famous cousin, the so-called Bullet Cluster, this clash of clusters provides striking evidence for dark matter and insight into its properties. |
| Cocaine 'flush' could be first anti-overdose drug Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
By modifying a naturally occurring enzyme, chemists have created a molecule that could flush a cocaine overdose out of the body before it causes irreparable damage. By tweaking the enzyme, the team in the US were able to speed up the natural process by creating a molecule that could break down cocaine much faster than normal. If the enzyme works in humans, it would be the first therapy to remove the drug from a user's body. |
| Young type-2 diabetic men suffer low testosterone levels, study shows Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Young men with type 2 diabetes have significantly low levels of testosterone, endocrinologists at the University at Buffalo have found -- a condition that could have a critical effect on their quality of life and on their ability to father children. |
| Hubble and Chandra composite of the galaxy cluster MACS J0025.4-1222 Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A powerful collision between galaxy clusters has been captured by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory. This clash of clusters provides striking evidence for dark matter and insight into its properties. |
| Health risk behaviors associated with lower prostate specific antigen awareness Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
According to a study conducted at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, health risk behaviors such as smoking and obesity are associated with lower awareness of the prostate specific antigen, which could lead to a lower likelihood of undergoing actual prostate cancer screening. Although previous studies have explored predictors of PSA test awareness, this is the first research to focus on health risk behaviors. |
| Ancient mother spawns new insight on reptile reproduction Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A 75-million-year-old fossil of a pregnant turtle and a nest of fossilized eggs that were discovered in the badlands of southeastern Alberta by scientists and staff from the University of Calgary and the Royal TyrrellMuseum of Palaeontology are yielding new ideas on the evolution of egg-laying and reproduction in turtles and tortoises. |
| New white paper examines economic payoff of proposed streetcars in Cincinnati Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Cities across the US and even other countries turn to University of Cincinnati economics researcher George Vredeveld to help sort out pressing economic issues. When it wanted to gauge the latest research regarding streetcars in Cincinnati, the university did the same. |
| Pre-school age exercises can prevent dyslexia Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A typical characteristics of children's linguistic development are early signs of the risk of developing reading and writing disabilities, or dyslexia. |
| Fingerprint breakthrough hope in US double murder probe Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Technique developed by University of Leicester and Northamptonshire police. |
| New evidence on addiction to medicines Diazepam has effect on nerve cells in the brain reward system Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Addictions to medicines and drugs are thought to develop over a relatively long period of time. |
| Pregnancy situations have impact on brain development in pre-term infants Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Brain development in infants who are born very prematurely is still incomplete. Factors that cause premature birth may have an impact on the development of the premature infant's brain both during pregnancy and later on after birth. |
| Genetic predisposition may play a role in anxiety disorders Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Finnish scientists have identified genes that may predispose to anxiety disorders. |
| No-take zones offer no boost for bleached reefs Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Newcastle University marine scientist Nicholas Graham heads up an international team calling for urgent action to save world's coral reefs. |
| Chronic stress alters our genetic immune response Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
In the Aug. 15 issue of Biological Psychiatry, researchers shed new light on one link between stress and illness by describing a mechanism through which stress alters immune function. |
| Potential new targets for antidepressant medications Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
The news about antidepressant medications over the past several years has been mixed. The bad news from large multicenter studies such as STAR*D is that current antidepressant medications are effective, but not as effective as one might hope. |
| UT Southwestern scientists' findings may lead to new drug-abuse treatments Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Increased connections among brain cells caused by excessive drug use may represent the body's defense mechanism to combat addiction and related behaviors, scientists at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found. |
| Government focuses on supply chains Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
The Carbon Disclosure Project, a collaboration of some 385 institutional investors including Merrill Lynch, Goldman Sachs, Barclays and HSBC, has extended its traditional work in the private sector to the public sector where it is actively assisting government and local government organizations to assess greenhouse gas emissions through their supply chains. |
| Why is Greenland covered in ice? Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A fall in levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), close to that of pre-industrial times, explains the transition from a mostly ice-free Greenland of three million years ago to the ice-covered region we see today. |
| Not all fat is created equal Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A Temple University study finds that fat in obese patients is "sick" when compared to fat from lean patients, which could more fully explain the link between obesity and higher risk of diabetes, heart disease and stroke. |
| Scientists reveal effects of quantum 'traffic jam' in high-temperature superconductors Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory and collaborators have uncovered the first experimental evidence for why the transition temperature of high-temperature superconductors cannot simply be elevated by increasing the electrons' binding energy. The research demonstrates how, as electron-pair binding energy increases, the electrons' tendency to get caught in a quantum mechanical "traffic jam" overwhelms the interactions needed for the material to act as a superconductor -- a freely flowing fluid of electron pairs. |
| UCI scientists discover minimum mass for galaxies Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
By analyzing light from small, faint galaxies that orbit the Milky Way, UC Irvine scientists believe they have discovered the minimum mass for galaxies in the universe -- 10 million times the mass of the sun. |
| Low levels of brain chemical may lead to obesity, NIH study of rare disorder shows Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A brain chemical that plays a role in long term memory also appears to be involved in regulating how much people eat and their likelihood of becoming obese, according to a National Institutes of Health study of a rare genetic condition. |
| NIAID describes challenges, prospects for an HIV vaccine Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Events of the past year in HIV vaccine research have led some to question whether an effective HIV vaccine will ever be developed. In the Aug. 28 edition of the New England Journal of Medicine, officials from NIAID examine the extraordinarily challenging properties of the virus that have made a vaccine elusive and outline the scientific questions that, if answered, could lead to an effective HIV vaccine. |
| First gene associated with dry macular degeneration found Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
In a study that underscores the important role that individual genetic profiles will play in the development of new therapies for disease, a multi-institutional research team -- led by Kang Zhang, MD, PhD professor of ophthalmology and human genetics at Shiley Eye Center at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine -- has made two important discoveries related to age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness in adults over the age of 60. |
| Experimental therapy may lead to macular degeneration, an international team of researchers caution Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Having discovered a genetic trigger for age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of vision loss in people over 50, researchers report that an experimental state-of-the-art therapy for treating eye disease could adversely affect the vision of some patients with the "wrong" genetic makeup. |
| Genetic link to dry macular degeneration found Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A University of Kentucky ophthalmologist, along with a team of scientists, has discovered a genetic mutation that offers protection against a type of age-related macular degeneration, a disease of the eye that is the leading cause of blindness in adults over age 50. |
| Common treatment to delay labor decreases pre-term infants' risk for cerebral palsy Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Pre-term infants born to mothers receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate -- a common treatment to delay labor -- are less likely to develop cerebral palsy than are pre-term infants whose mothers do not receive it, report researchers in a large National Institutes of Health research network. |
| Subliminal learning demonstrated in the human brain Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Although the idea that instrumental learning can occur subconsciously has been around for nearly a century, it had not been unequivocally demonstrated. |
| Cocaine-induced brain plasticity may protect the addicted brain Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A new study has unraveled some of the mysteries of the cocaine-addicted brain and may pave the way for the design of more effective treatments for drug addiction. |
| Even without dementia, mental skills decline years before death Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
A new study shows that older people's mental skills start declining years before death, even if they don't have dementia. The study is published in the Aug. 27, 2008, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. |
| New concepts in contraception Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Latest research into dual-purpose contraceptives and non-hormonal contraception will bepresented tomorrow at a major scientific conference in Melbourne. |
| More aortic chest aneurysms being treated with less-invasive stents Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
An increasing number of patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms are being treated with a device called a stent graft, rather than open-chest surgery. The device is delivered with a cathether. Patients go home in a day or two. It's much less invasive than open-chest surgery. |
| NASA renames observatory for Fermi, reveals entire gamma-ray sky Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
NASA's newest observatory, the Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope, or GLAST, has begun its mission of exploring the universe in high-energy gamma rays. The spacecraft and its revolutionary instruments passed their orbital checkout with flying colors. |
| Men defy stereotypes in defining masculinity Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Men interviewed in a large international study reported that being seen as honorable, self-reliant and respected was more important to their idea of masculinity than being seen as attractive, sexually active or successful with women. "To ask a large sample of men what comprises their own sense of masculinity is very useful for both the media and for research. These results suggest we should pay attention and ask rather than presume we know." |
| High cholesterol levels drop naturally in children on high-fat anti-seizure diet, Hopkins study show Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Elevated cholesterol levels return to normal or near normal levels over time in four out of 10 children with uncontrollable epilepsy treated with the high-fat ketogenic diet, according to results of a Johns Hopkins Children's Center study reported in the Journal of Child Neurology. |
| Research examines variations of rare lung disease Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
University of Cincinnati scientists are conducting a new research study that examines why symptoms of LAM are different in certain subgroups of people with the goal of finding more successful therapies. |
| Study of islands reveals surprising extinction results Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
It's no secret that humans are having a huge impact on the life cycles of plants and animals. UC Santa Barbara's Steven D. Gaines and fellow researcher Dov Sax decided to test that theory by studying the world's far-flung islands. Their research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, sheds surprising light on the subject of extinction rates of species on islands. |
| ABC-transporters expressed on endothelial cell membranes efflux anti-HIV drugs Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
Researchers at Tulane University Medical Center in New Orleans have discovered that drug-efflux pumps, belonging to the ATP-binding cassette transporter family, are constitutively expressed on vascular endothelial cells. The study has crucial implications in the persistence of sub-endothelial HIV reservoirs and will be important to the development of future therapies. |
| Ecological Society of America criticizes administration's overhaul of the Endangered Species Act Tue, 26 Aug 2008 00:00:00 EDT |
The Ecological Society of America today criticized the Bush administration's Aug. 15 proposal to reinterpret the Endangered Species Act, which would impose regulatory changes eliminating the requirement for federal projects to undergo independent scientific review. The proposal would allow federal agencies to decide for themselves whether their projects would harm endangered animals and plants. |
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