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INFECTIOUS DISEASES News
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| UBC scientist honored with BMJ's Junior Doctor of the Year Award Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of British Columbia) BMJ Group, publisher of the British Medical Journal, has recognized UBC Clinical Associate Prof. Evan Wood with its first annual Junior Doctor of the Year honor. Wood, a lead researcher at the BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, was selected from more than 100 nominations from Britain, Sudan, Iraq, Australia and Brazil for his research in and contribution to HIV, public health, illicit drug policy and addiction. |
| Yellow fever strikes monkey populations in South America Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Wildlife Conservation Society) A group of Argentine scientists, including health experts from the Wildlife Conservation Society, have announced that yellow fever is the culprit in a 2007-2008 die-off of howler monkeys in northeastern Argentina, a finding that underscores the importance of paying attention to the health of wildlife and how the health of people and wild nature are so closely linked. |
| Barrier in mosquito midgut protects invading pathogens Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Scientists studying the Anopheles gambiae mosquito have found that the act of feeding triggers two enzymes to form a protective barrier that prevents the mosquito's immune defense system from clearing disease-causing agents that can be passed on to humans. Disrupting the protein barrier can trigger mosquito immune defenses to intervene and protect the insect from infection. This finding could inform new strategies for blocking malaria transmission. |
| Children with chronic respiratory illness are vulnerable to critical H1N1 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Society of Critical Care Medicine) As critical care professionals develop a better understanding of the progression of H1N1, they are becoming better prepared to treat children with severe cases. Additionally, with careful management, the pediatric critical care system is expected to be able to meet the increased demands of a flu pandemic. These studies are published in the March issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. |
| Penn researchers identify immune cells that fight parasites may promote allergies and asthma Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of Pennsylvania) Millions of people in both the developing and developed world may benefit from new immune-system research findings that identify a cell population that fights off parasitic infections but also causes allergies and asthma. |
| Human cells exhibit foraging behavior like amoebae and bacteria Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Vanderbilt University) When cells move about in the body, they follow a complex pattern similar to that which amoebae and bacteria use when searching for food, a team of Vanderbilt researchers have found. |
| Research sheds light on the inner workings of the inflammatory response to Leishmaniasis Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Public Library of Science) The secret world of inflammation is slowly being revealed by the application of advanced techniques in microscopy, as shown in a study published March 12 in the open-access journal PLoS Pathogens. Researchers at the Hull York Medical School and the University of York used 2-photon microscopy to identify how killer T lymphocytes behaved when they enter sites of inflammation caused by the parasite Leishmania donovani, and which infected cells they were able to recognize. |
| Positive prevention toolkit aims to assist global training of HIV/AIDS caregivers Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of California - San Francisco) The toolkit, developed by the UCSF Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, includes proven prevention interventions for HIV-positive individuals. Toolkit materials are developing country focused and can be adapted for use in African settings. Available on the Web, on CD-ROM and in English and Portuguese, the toolkit is being implemented in Mozambique on a national level. |
| NIAD media availability: Vaccinating children against flu helps protect wider community Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Results of a clinical trial conducted in a largely self-contained religious community during the 2008-09 influenza season show that immunizing children against seasonal influenza can significantly protect unvaccinated community members against influenza as well. The study was conducted to determine if immunized children could act as a barrier to limit the spread of influenza to the wider, unvaccinated community, a concept known as herd immunity. |
| Vaccinating children for flu may help prevent transmission, protect those who are not vaccinated Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(JAMA and Archives Journals) Immunizing children and adolescents with inactivated influenza vaccine resulted in reduced rates of influenza in their community compared to a similar community in which children did not receive the vaccine, suggesting that vaccinating children may help prevent transmission of the virus and offer protection for unimmunized community residents, according to a study in the March 10 issue of JAMA. |
| Reovirus may be a novel approach to prostate cancer treatment Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(American Association for Cancer Research) Researchers in Canada have detected a novel oncolytic viral therapy against prostate cancer with use of a virus called the reovirus, according to study results published in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. |
| University of Michigan scientists discover bone marrow can harbor HIV-infected cells Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of Michigan Health System) Antiviral drugs have reduced AIDS to more of chronic disease rather than a death sentence, but why is the disease so hard to cure? A study published online March 7 in Nature Medicine shows bone marrow, previously thought to be resistant to the virus, can contain latent forms of the infection. Targeting these reservoirs of latent cells may open the door to new treatments, according to scientists at the University of Michigan Health System. |
| New ways to disarm deadly South American hemorrhagic fever viruses Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Howard Hughes Medical Institute) Researchers have discovered how one New World hemorrhagic fever virus latches onto and infects human cells, offering a much-needed lead toward new treatments. |
| Infectious virus hidden in chromosomes during latency can be passed from parents to children Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of South Florida Health) In some individuals the common herpes virus HHV-6 can integrate into structures at the end of chromosomes and be reactivated to an infectious form. The findings are reported online, March 8, 2010, in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. |
| Inadequate surgical provision in African district general hospitals Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Public Library of Science) Two papers published this week in PLoS Medicine by Margaret Kruk and colleagues investigate surgical provision in eight district hospitals in three sub-Saharan African countries. |
| Heat therapy shown effective in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis among US soldiers in Iraq Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Public Library of Science) A single session of heat therapy using the ThermoMed device appears to be as effective as a 10-day intravenous course of sodium stibogluconate for the treatment of Leishmania major skin lesions, according to a new study. Results from the randomized treatment trial, which involved 56 military personnel who contracted L. major while serving in Iraq, are reported March 5 in the open-access journal PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. |
| Snake venom charms science world Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Research Australia) The king cobra continues to weave its charm with researchers identifying a protein in its venom with the potential for new drug discovery and to advance understanding of disease mechanisms. The novel protein named haditoxin has been described in the prestigious Journal of Biological Chemistry. |
| Vitamin D crucial to activating immune defenses Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of Copenhagen) Scientists have found that vitamin D is crucial to activating our immune defenses and that without sufficient intake of the vitamin, the killer cells of the immune system -- T cells -- will not be able to react to and fight off serious infections in the body. The research team at the University of Copenhagen found that T cells first search for vitamin D in order to activate and if they cannot find enough of it will not complete the activation process. |
| Experimental vaccine protects monkeys against chikungunya Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston) Researchers have developed an experimental vaccine for chikungunya virus and successfully tested it in monkeys. |
| Scientists find new form of prion disease that damages brain arteries Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) National Institutes of Health scientists investigating how prion diseases destroy the brain have observed a new form of the disease in mice that does not cause the sponge-like brain deterioration typically seen in prion diseases. Instead, it resembles a form of human Alzheimer's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, that damages brain arteries. |
| Researchers discover gene that affects susceptibility to TB and clues to how it works Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of Washington) Researchers have identified a gene involved in susceptibility and resistance to tuberculosis, and in the severity of leprosy. The gene appears to orchestrate pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. When these are in balance, the body can fight off infection without hurting itself. An imbalance either lets the infection take hold, or damage occurs from an overly aggressive defense. |
| Mineral studies advance antibacterial alternatives Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Arizona State University) Alternative approaches to medicine are stock-in-trade in the Arizona State University laboratory of microbiologist Shelley Haydel. So when ASU senior Jenny Koehl joined Haydel's investigative team seeking firsthand knowledge of how basic research is done, how drugs are tested and potential cures produced, she found it and much more. Their results have been published in the journal PLoS ONE. |
| New way to control disease-spreading mosquitoes: Make them hold their urine Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Cornell University) Cornell researchers have found a protein that may lead to a new way to control mosquitoes that spread dengue fever, yellow fever and other diseases when they feed on humans: Prevent them from urinating as they feed on blood. |
| Study: Climate change one factor in malaria spread Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(University of Chicago Press Journals) Climate change is one reason malaria is on the rise in some parts of the world, new research finds, but other factors such as migration and land-use changes are likely also at play. The research, published in the Quarterly Review of Biology, aims to sort out contradictions that have emerged as scientists try to understand why malaria has been spreading into highland areas of East Africa, Indonesia, Afghanistan and elsewhere. |
| Scientific community to set research agenda for infection prevention and control for next decade Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 EST |
(Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America) The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology Inc., and the Infectious Diseases Society of America are convening the Fifth Decennial International Conference on Healthcare-Associated Infections 2010, the scientific event to set the health-care-associated infection prevention for the next decade March 18-22, 2010, in Atlanta, Ga. |
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